Can .22LR Rimfire Ammunition Discharge if Dropped on Concrete or Rock?

The question of whether .22LR rimfire ammunition can discharge due to dropping it on concrete or rock has been a topic of curiosity and debate. Let's delve into the mechanics behind this phenomenon and understand the theoretical and practical aspects of it.

Theoretical Considerations

First and foremost, it's important to understand the mechanics of how rimfire ammunition functions. The cartridge discharge is not initiated by the impact itself, but rather by the friction and crushing of the primer compound. Manufacturers sometimes mix powdered glass into the primer compound to increase reliability and ensure consistent ignition. Therefore, for a round to discharge due to dropping it, certain conditions must be met:

Height of the Drop: The round would need to be dropped from a considerable height to generate enough force to crush the primer compound effectively. Angle of Impact: The impact must occur at a specific angle to ensure the primer is crushed and the friction is sufficient to ignite the propellant.

Practical Observations

Practically, numerous experiments and anecdotal evidence suggest that the likelihood of a .22LR cartridge discharging due to just a drop is extremely low. Here are some key points to consider:

Probability Analysis: According to experts and individuals who have dropped hundreds of .22LR rounds with no discharges, the probability of an accidental discharge is virtually non-zero but extremely low. Several instances have been documented, with no discharges observed. Theory vs. Reality: While theoretically, it is possible for a round to discharge from a specific type of impact or drop, the practical experience shows that such occurrences are highly unlikely. The forces required for the primer to be crushed effectively are typically not generated by a simple drop.

Impact and Safety Mechanisms

It's worth noting that the nature of the impact necessary to cause a discharge poses more challenges than a simple drop. Here are a few critical observations and conclusions:

Throwing with Velocity: If a .22LR cartridge is thrown with sufficient velocity against concrete or tarmac, the impact can generate the necessary force to crush the primer. However, this scenario is quite different from a simple drop. Drop Height: Dropping the round from a height of 2' to 3' (approximately 0.6 to 0.9 meters) under the influence of gravity alone is unlikely to cause a discharge, as the velocity and angle of impact are insufficient. Rim Deformation: The primer is located in the hollow rim of the cartridge, which means that the round would need to land in a very specific manner to crush the primer. This specific angle and impact point increase the difficulty of causing a discharge.

Safety Precautions

While the likelihood of accidental discharge due to dropping .22LR ammunition is very low, proper safety precautions are always essential when handling firearms. Here are some key safety recommendations:

Handling Loaded Ammunition: When handling loaded rimfire firearms, it is crucial to follow all safety protocols to prevent accidental discharges. This includes keeping the firearm pointed in a safe direction and ensuring the safety is engaged. User Responsibility: Every user should exercise caution and awareness, especially with older weapons that may lack modern safety features. Prevent Accidents: Avoid carelessly dropping or throwing ammunition, as even with low likelihood, accidents can still occur. Keep your ammunition containers closed and secure to minimize the risk.

Conclusion

In conclusion, dropping .22LR rimfire ammunition on concrete or rock is highly unlikely to cause a discharge. While it is theoretically possible, the practical evidence strongly indicates that the risk is extremely low. However, as with any firearm-related activity, it is essential to follow the recommended safety precautions and handle ammunition with care.